%define CONVERT_BOOL_IN(lvar,t,invar)
  lvar = (t) zval_is_true(&invar);
%enddef

%define CONVERT_INT_IN(lvar,t,invar)
  lvar = (t) zval_get_long(&invar);
%enddef

%define CONVERT_LONG_LONG_IN(lvar,t,invar)
  switch (Z_TYPE(invar)) {
      case IS_DOUBLE:
          lvar = (t) Z_DVAL(invar);
          break;
      case IS_STRING: {
          char * endptr;
          errno = 0;
          lvar = (t) strtoll(Z_STRVAL(invar), &endptr, 10);
          if (*endptr && !errno) break;
          /* FALL THRU */
      }
      default:
          lvar = (t) zval_get_long(&invar);
  }
%enddef

%define CONVERT_UNSIGNED_LONG_LONG_IN(lvar,t,invar)
  switch (Z_TYPE(invar)) {
      case IS_DOUBLE:
          lvar = (t) Z_DVAL(invar);
          break;
      case IS_STRING: {
          char * endptr;
          errno = 0;
          lvar = (t) strtoull(Z_STRVAL(invar), &endptr, 10);
          if (*endptr && !errno) break;
          /* FALL THRU */
      }
      default:
          lvar = (t) zval_get_long(&invar);
  }
%enddef

%define CONVERT_INT_OUT(lvar,invar)
  lvar = (t) zval_get_long(&invar);
%enddef

%define CONVERT_FLOAT_IN(lvar,t,invar)
  lvar = (t) zval_get_double(&invar);
%enddef

%define CONVERT_CHAR_IN(lvar,t,invar)
  convert_to_string(&invar);
  lvar = (t) Z_STRVAL(invar)[0];
%enddef

%define CONVERT_STRING_IN(lvar,t,invar)
  if (Z_ISNULL(invar)) {
    lvar = (t) 0;
  } else {
    convert_to_string(&invar);
    lvar = (t) Z_STRVAL(invar);
  }
%enddef

%define %pass_by_val( TYPE, CONVERT_IN )
%typemap(in) TYPE
%{
  CONVERT_IN($1,$1_ltype,$input);
%}
%typemap(in) const TYPE & ($*1_ltype temp)
%{
  CONVERT_IN(temp,$*1_ltype,$input);
  $1 = &temp;
%}
%typemap(directorout) TYPE
%{
  if (!EG(exception)) {
    CONVERT_IN($result, $1_ltype, *$input);
  } else {
    typedef $1_ltype swig_result_typedef;
    $result = swig_result_typedef();
  }
%}
%typemap(directorout) const TYPE & ($*1_ltype temp)
%{
  if (!EG(exception)) {
    CONVERT_IN(temp, $*1_ltype, *$input);
  } else {
    typedef $*1_ltype swig_result_typedef;
    temp = swig_result_typedef();
  }
  $result = &temp;
%}
%enddef

%fragment("t_output_helper","header") %{
static void
t_output_helper(zval *target, zval *o) {
  zval tmp;
  if (Z_TYPE_P(target) == IS_ARRAY) {
    /* it's already an array, just append */
    add_next_index_zval(target, o);
    return;
  }
  if (Z_TYPE_P(target) == IS_NULL) {
    /* NULL isn't refcounted */
    ZVAL_COPY_VALUE(target, o);
    return;
  }
  ZVAL_DUP(&tmp, target);
  array_init(target);
  add_next_index_zval(target, &tmp);
  add_next_index_zval(target, o);
}
%}